Featured Issue: Detainers
The handling of civil immigration detainers by local law enforcement agencies has gained national attention after the tragic shooting in July 2015 of a woman in San Francisco by an undocumented man. San Francisco is among hundreds of localities that have adopted policing strategies that limit involvement with federal immigration agencies, to preserve public trust and confidence in law enforcement that are essential to maintaining community safety. Legislation is being introduced, at both the state and federal level, which will undermine public safety by threatening these so-called "sanctuary cities."
In November 2014, the Priority Enforcement Program (PEP) was established as part of President Obama's 2014 Executive Action. The program replaced Secure Communities, which was under attack for years due to its negative impact on community policy, susceptibility to racial profiling, and indiscriminate approach to immigration enforcement. Through PEP, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) hopes to work with local law enforcement agencies. Many details of PEP and how it will be fully implemented are still unclear.
114th Senate Takes Up Sanctuary Cities
114th House Takes Up Sanctuary Cities
AILA Resources
- AILA, American Immigration Council, NIJC, NILC, and SPLC Report: Assumption of Risk: Legal Liabilities for Local Governments that Choose to Enforce Federal Immigration Laws - March 7, 2018
- AILA, CAP, NILC: How Much Funding for Sanctuary Jurisdictions Could Be at Risk? - March 7, 2017
- New State-by-State Interactive Shows How Much Federal Funding Sanctuary Cities Could Lose at the Hands of President Trump's Administration - March 7, 2017
- AILA Press Statement: New State-by-State Interactive Shows How Much Federal Funding Sanctuary Cities Could Lose at the Hands of President Trump's Administration - March 7, 2017
- AILA and NIJC Policy Brief: ICE's Detainer Program Operates Unlawfully- January 18, 2017
- AILA Leadership Blog: Jimenez Moreno v. Napolitano: Immigration Detainers Require a Warrant – October 11, 2016
- AILA Advocacy Talking Points Opposing S. 2146 - October 16, 2015
- AILA Talking Points on Local Law Enforcement Policies - October 15, 2015
- AILA Leadership Blog: "Cities and Counties Stand Up for the Constitution" by Second Vice President Bill Stock - May 30, 2014
- AILA Letter on CA TRUST Act - September 12, 2012
- AILA Report: "Immigration Enforcement Off Target: Minor Offenses With Major Consequences" - August 2011
Additional Resources
- TRAC: The Role of ICE Detainers Under Bush and Obama - February 1, 2016
- Center for American Progress: The Effects of Sanctuary Policies on Crime and the Economy – January 26, 2017
- C-SPAN: Immigration Policy in the Trump Administration - December 14, 2016
- A.G. Loretta Lynch testified before the House Appropriations Sub Committee on February 24, 2016 - Explaining that the administration is changing how the Federal Bureau of Prisons handles illegal immigrants with deportation orders, allowing ICE to take custody first instead of turning those prisoners over to local and state authorities to face prosecution.
- AILA Advocacy Director Greg Chen talks about "Sanctuary Cities" with CSPAN - July 24, 2015
- National Immigrant Justice Center: List of detainer policies from states and localities that limit cooperation with immigration detainers
- American Immigration Council: Debunking the Myth of "Sanctuary Cities" - April 26, 2011
Priority Enforcement Program
- Letter to Secretary Johnson Opposing Priority Enforcement Program - February 11, 2016
- ICE Brochure on Priority Enforcement Program - June 12, 2015
- AILA's Take on President Obama's Immigration Executive Action - November 20, 2014
- DHS Memo Discontinuing Secure Communities - November 20, 2014
- White House Fact Sheet on 2014 Executive Action - November 20, 2014
- Statement by ICE Director Saldana Clarifying Testimony on Secure Communities - March 20, 2015
- AILA's DC Chapter Testimony on Secure Communities - November 30, 2014
- AILA's New York Chapter Testimony on Secure Communities - November 28, 2014
- AILA's Southern California Chapter Testimony on Secure Communities - November 28, 2014
- Congressional sign-on letter to DHS Secretary Jeh Johnson urging to "halt the use of detainers." - June 2014
- Rep. Roybal Allard letter to DHS Secretary Johnson on Secure Communities program - May 7, 2014
- ICE Director Letter to Rep. Thompson on detainers - February 25, 2014
- AILA Testimony to House Judiciary Immigration Subcommittee for Secure Communities Hearing - November 30, 2011
- AILA Comments on DHS Promise to Reform Enforcement with New Policies - June 17, 2011
- ICE/CRCL Memo on Civil Rights Complaints Involving State/Local Law Enforcement and S-Comm - June 14, 2011
- AILA Urges Timeout on the Secure Communities Program - March 3, 2011
- DHS HSAC Secure Communities Task Force Report DHS Homeland Security Advisory Council's Task Force on Secure Communities report recommending ways ICE may improve the Secure Communities program.
- "Secure Communities by the Numbers: An Analysis of Demographics and Due Process," a report from the U.C. Berkeley Warren Institute.
- The Secure Communities Program: Unanswered Questions and Continuing Concerns a report from the Immigration Policy Center.
Legal Matters
- Jimenez Moreno v. Napolitano (U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois) The court ruled in favor of the plaintiffs on statutory grounds, holding that ICE's policy of issuing immigration detainers without regard to whether the subject of the detainer was likely to flee before a warrant could be obtained was unlawful. (September 30, 2016)
- Miranda-Olivares v. Clackamas County (U.S. District Court for the District of Oregon) The court agreed with the Third Circuit Court of Appeals that detainers are not mandatory. The court further found that the county violated the Fourth Amendment by holding Ms. Miranda-Olivares solely on the basis of the detainer, without determining whether it had probable cause to detain her. (April 11, 2014)
- Galarza v. Lehigh County (U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit) The court held that immigration detainers are nonbinding, voluntary requests. Lehigh County "was free to disregard the ICE detainer." The suit involved a U.S. citizen who was held in Lehigh County Prison for 3 days on a detainer after posting bail. (March 3, 2014)
- Morales v. Chadbourne (U.S. District Court for the District of Rhode Island) U.S. citizen plaintiff held in state correctional facility for 24 hours on a detainer survived motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim against ICE officials and state officials for Fourth and Fifth Amendment violations. (February 12, 2014)
- Villars v. Kubiatowski (U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois) The court agreed with the Third Circuit Court of Appeals that detainers are not mandatory. The court further found that Villars, who was held on a detainer after posting bail, had successfully stated a claim against police and county defendants for detaining him without probable cause under the Fourth Amendment as well as procedural and substantive due process violations, noting that local officers generally lack authority to arrest individuals suspected of civil immigration violations. (citing Arizona v. U.S.) (May 5, 2014)