Featured Issues

Featured Issue: U.S. Immigration Courts under Trump 2.0

Removal & Relief

The U.S. immigration court system plays a critical role in upholding due process and ensuring fair hearings for individuals facing deportation. However, since January 20, 2025, the Department of Justice (DOJ) has implemented significant changes that challenge the structural integrity of these courts. This page aims to provide up-to-date information on the policy and legal shifts affecting the U.S. immigration court system.

Latest Updates

Analysis
Policy Brief: The Trump Administration’s Assault on Immigration Courts
Resources
Practice Alert: New EOIR Policy Memoranda
Congress
Senators and Representatives Urge AG to Reverse Course on Firings of IJs

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Urge Congress to hold the executive branch accountable for systemic attack on immigration courts.
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Updates from EOIR

EOIR Page on Updated Policy Memoranda
Track EOIR Policy Manual Changes
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Federal Agencies

EOIR Releases Data on Active and Inactive Pending Cases

EOIR released data from FY2008 to FY2020 on activing and inactive pending removal, deportation, exclusion, asylum-only, and withholding only cases. Inactive pending cases are those not currently on the active document following an IJ’s order of administrative closure.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 20051105. Asylum, Removal & Relief
Federal Agencies

EOIR Releases Current Median UAC Case Completion and Case Pending Time for FY2020

EOIR released the current median unaccompanied child (UAC) case completion and case pending time. In FY2020, the median pending time was 1,028 days and the median completion time was 659 days.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 20052643. Humanitarian Parole, Removal & Relief, Unaccompanied Children
Federal Agencies

EOIR Releases UAC Statistics for FY2020

EOIR released statistics on I-862 initial case completions for unaccompanied children (UAC) for FY2020. The total number of pending cases at the end of FY2020 was 103,035. Decisions were made in 9,232 cases, with 6,105 cases ending in removal.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 20052644. Humanitarian Parole, Removal & Relief, Unaccompanied Children
Federal Agencies

EOIR Releases Statistics on Number of Courtrooms

EOIR released statistics from 2007 (calendar year) to FY2020 on the total number of courtrooms. As of FY2020, EOIR had 474 courtrooms, excluding the courtrooms in Saipan and in Louisville.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 20030331. Asylum, Removal & Relief
Federal Agencies

EOIR Releases Statistics on Video Teleconference Hearings and Appeals

EOIR released statistics from FY2019 to FY2020 on the total number of completed cases with a video teleconference (VTC) hearing, case appeals filed, appeals of completed cases with a VTC hearing, and appeals of completed cases with a VTC hearing alleging a VTC hearing issue.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 20030332. Asylum, Removal & Relief
Federal Agencies

EOIR Releases Data on Initial Receipts with Specific Charges for Removal, Deportation, and Exclusion Cases

EOIR released data from FY2008 to FY2020 on initial receipts for removal, deportation, and exclusion cases; initial receipts with specific charges; leads with riders; riders; leads and riders; and percentage of leads and riders.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 20030537. Asylum, Removal & Relief
Federal Agencies

EOIR Releases Statistics on Decision Outcomes for FY2020

EOIR released statistics on outcomes of initial case decisions for FY2020. Statistics cover removal, deportation, and exclusion cases; asylum-only and withholding-only cases; and credible fear reviews, reasonable fear reviews, and claimed status reviews.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 20021130. Asylum, Removal & Relief
Federal Agencies

EOIR Releases Statistics on Circuit Court Remands Filed

EOIR released statistics on circuit court remands filed from FY2008 to FY2020. In FY2020, 660 circuit court remands were filed.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 19090434. Removal & Relief
Federal Agencies

EOIR Releases Statistics on All Appeals Filed, Completed, and Pending

EOIR released statistics on all appeals filed, completed, and pending from FY2008 to FY2020. In FY2020, 58,901 appeals were filed; 40,393 appeals completed; and 90,940 appeals were pending.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 19090503. Removal & Relief
Federal Agencies

EOIR Releases FY2020 Statistics on Video Teleconference Hearings and Adjournments

EOIR released statistics on the number of video teleconference (VTC) hearings and adjournments for FY2020. In FY2020, EOIR held 1,447,714 hearings out of which 282,232 were VTC hearings. Nine hundred and twenty three hearings were adjourned due to video malfunction.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 19090506. Removal & Relief
Federal Agencies

EOIR Releases Statistics on BIA Case Appeals Filed, Completed, and Pending

EOIR released statistics from FY2008 to FY2020 for appeals filed, completed, and pending with the BIA from completed removal, deportation, exclusion, asylum-only, and withholding-only proceedings. In FY2020, 51,250 appeals were filed and 84,673 appeals were pending.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 19090307. Asylum, Removal & Relief
Federal Agencies

EOIR Releases Historical Data on New Cases and Total Completions

: EOIR released historical data, from FY1983 through FY2020, for initial receipts of new removal, deportation, exclusions, asylum-only, and withholding-only cases, and total case completions.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 19062133. Asylum, Removal & Relief
Federal Agencies

EOIR Released Statistics on FOIA Receipts

EOIR released statistics on Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) receipts from FY2013 through FY2020. In FY2020, EOIR had 49,468 FOIA receipts.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 18120507. Removal & Relief
Federal Agencies

EOIR Released Statistics on In Absentia Removal Orders in Cases Originating with a Credible Fear Claim

EOIR released data on in absentia removal orders issued in cases originating with a credible fear claim from FY2008 through FY2020. In FY2020, EOIR issued 7,322 in absentia removal orders in cases originating with a credible fear claim.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 18120503. Asylum, Removal & Relief
Federal Agencies

EOIR Releases Statistics on Immigration Judge Complaints

EOIR released statistics on the number of initial receipts of complaints against immigration judges from FY2009 through FY2020. In FY2020, EOIR received 93 complaints against immigration judges.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 18102935. Removal & Relief
Federal Agencies

EOIR Releases Comparison of In Absentia Removal Order Rates for FY2014–FY2020

EOIR released in absentia removal order rates from FY2014 to FY2020, comparing in absentia removal order rates for unaccompanied children (UAC) cases with non-UAC cases. The ratio of UAC in absentia removal orders to non-UAC in absentia removal orders for FY2020 was 0.99:1.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 18102933. Humanitarian Parole, Removal & Relief, Unaccompanied Children
Federal Agencies

EOIR Releases Statistics on Representation Rates

EOIR released FY2020 statistics on the overall representation rate; the representation rate for all pending UAC cases and UAC cases pending for more than a year; the representation rate for pending asylum cases and completed asylum cases; and the representation rate for all completed appeals.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 18052343. Humanitarian Parole, Removal & Relief, Unaccompanied Children
Federal Agencies

EOIR Releases Statistics on Motions

EOIR released statistics on motions to reopen, motions to re-calendar, and motions to re-consider from FY2008 through FY2020. For FY2020, 17,596 motions to reopen were filed in immigration courts and 4,981 were filed with the BIA.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 18052345. Removal & Relief
Federal Agencies

EOIR Releases Statistics on Administratively Closed Cases

EOIR released statistics on administratively closed cases from FY2008 through FY2020. At the end of FY2020, EOIR had 310,627 inactive pending cases.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 18051047. Asylum, Removal & Relief
Federal Agencies

EOIR Released Statistics on In Absentia Removal Orders

EOIR released statistics on in absentia removal orders from FY2008 through FY2020. In FY2020, EOIR issued a total of 86,555 in absentia removal orders.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 18051048. Asylum, Removal & Relief
Federal Agencies

EOIR Releases Statistics on New Cases and Total Completions

EOIR released statistics on new cases and total case completions from FY2008 through FY2020. As of the end of FY2020, EOIR had receipts for 361,982 new cases and 231,237 total case completions.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 18051160. Asylum, Removal & Relief
Federal Agencies

EOIR Releases Statistics on Asylum Rates

EOIR released statistics on asylum decision rates from FY2008 through the FY2020. At the end of FY2020, EOIR had a 54.55 percent denial rate and a 19.12 percent grant rate.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 18051163. Asylum, Removal & Relief
Federal Agencies

EOIR Released Statistics on Asylum Applicant In Absentia Removal Orders

EOIR released statistics on asylum applicant in absentia removal orders from FY2008 through FY2020. In FY2020, EOIR issued 6,928 in absentia removal orders for asylum applicants.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 18051165. Asylum, Removal & Relief
Federal Agencies

EOIR Released Statistics on Pending Unaccompanied Child Cases

EOIR released statistics on pending unaccompanied child (UAC) cases from FY2008 through FY2020. In FY2020, EOIR had 103,035 pending UAC cases.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 18051166. Humanitarian Parole, Removal & Relief, Unaccompanied Children
Federal Agencies

EOIR Released Statistics on UAC In Absentia Removal Orders

EOIR released statistics on unaccompanied children (UAC) in absentia removal orders from FY2008 through FY2020. In FY2020, EOIR issued a total of 4,514 UAC in absentia removal orders.

9/30/20 AILA Doc. No. 18051102. Humanitarian Parole, Removal & Relief, Unaccompanied Children